Once African plantation slavery got going at the rate that white shipments had enjoyed in the previous century, but with a good stock of breeding females to expand the workforce from within [something the white slave trade had been weak on, since young wives were in such demand], the nature of slavery took on distinct forms based on the crops being cultivated. However, the discipline and suppression of the slaves remained the same, enforced by the whip, the paddle, and the slave catcher, now a mounted white man with hounds rather than an Indian warrior on foot.

According to T. H. Breen, who saw white slavery as more humane than black slavery, the black slave population of Virginia expanded along the following trajectory:

1620: 200

1676: 2,000

1680: 4,000

1700: 20,000

From this the influx of white slaves [which was not nearly as well documented as the black slave trade] can be extrapolated, as they were replaced with more docile blacks after Bacon’s Rebellion of 1676. Although some years documented up to 4,000 slaves being shipped to Virginia, it seems that the population only increased by about 1,000 per year from 1620 to 1700.

As the white slave trade dwindled in Virginia it flourished in Maryland and expanded in Pennsylvania, New York, and in the Carolinas, where armed black militias continued to serve against Indians and runaway whites until at least 1710. Although in 1748 the Virginia Assembly continued to condone white slavery as military conscription and forced labor for criminals, and continued to uphold laws concerning the selling of white infants of unwed mothers, the wholesale use of whites in large bodies of plantation slaves was passing, and by 1783, was a thing of the past, with white slavery continuing on a much reduced scale, primarily in the craft industries.

So, for the years following 1783, the proper study of enslavement in America will predominantly entail the examination of the black slave testimonials [among others] in the link below.