1660: Virginia. Planters actively purchase white captives from Indians.

1660: Virginia. Statutes begin to limit the freedom of blacks to purchase Indians and blacks [they were never allowed to buy whites]. Over the next 50 years the freedoms and rights of blacks in Virginia were slowly eroded until it was almost impossible for a black to live outside of the bonds of chattel slavery, with the final blow being 18th century laws limiting and prohibiting the freeing of slaves.

1660: England. The king’s Council for Foreign Plantations learned from a sea captain that two thirds of Massachusetts soldiers were unfree servants.

1661: York country, Virginia. Isaac Friend led forty white servants in an abortive uprising.

1662: Edinburgh, Scotland, Privy Council of Scotland orders the enslavement of homeless men.

1662: Virginia. The Assembly enacted a law prohibiting the private burial of servants as such clandestine internments helped conceal their murders. [The Assembly had an interest in preserving the lives of privately held servants because after their terms of indenture such servants owed a term of labor to the colony.]

1663: Virginia. A small scale revolt by “Oliverian” prisoners of war sold into slavery, was put down, with the execution of the ring leaders and reward of the whistle blower.

1663: Pope Alvey beat his white servant girl “to a jelly.”

1664: New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island was a population of 1,600, with the entire Dutch population at about 10,000. This all falls under English control on this year of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, indicating, again, that the vast majority of the population was servile.

1664: Jeffrey Haggman was beaten to death by his master, Joseph Fincher.

[Unknown Date]: John Grammar directed his overseer to beat a white servant on hundred times with a cat-o-nine-tails, who soon died, even though the overseer said that he could have given him ten more lashes.

1666: Scottish rebels sold as slaves in America.

1667: Virginia. Isaac Friend organizes a servants rights march and is apprehended, his master ordered by the court to keep a close eye on him.

1667: London, forced laborers in the colonies referred to as “white slaves” by the colonial office.

1667: November 30, 9:00 a.m., New England. The sound of a great gun and of drums and bullets in the sky was heard. The pious puritan patriarchs took these events as omens from God that he was displeased with the corrupt behavior of the English which included drinking alcohol and also selling alcohol to the Indians and cheating them in trade.

1667: Virginia. The Governor considers it a miracle that the independent small planters to not rise up in rebellion as their profits are below survival levels.

1668: New England. The General Court abolished local military elections.

1669: Reverend Morgan Jones captured by Tuscarora Indians who speak Welsh (part of the Roanoke expedition was Welsh).

1669: England.Iinvestors envision large-scale white servitude, not African.

1670: New England. The General Court ruled that qualifications for being a freeman would be quadrupled, these qualifications were the amount of property owned. This completed a cycle whereby the original oligarchic plan for governing the plantations have been eroded in favor of popular participation in order to increase military enrollment for service against the Indians. By this date, the increase in population and in important alliance with warlike Indian tribes of the interior meant that arming the lower class was no longer necessary.

1670: Woburn, New England. The unnamed wife of Joseph Wright delivered “a Creature” whose deformities were taken as a bad omen.

1670: England, 10,000 children kidnapped and sold into slavery according to Edward Channing, History of the United States, vol. 2, pg. 369.

[Unknown Date]: Maryland or Virginia. Mistress Ward whipped her white servant girl to death and was fined by the jury, three hundred pounds of tobacco. [Quantities of under one thousand pounds of tobacco were not considered significant.]

1670: Maryland passes a law that the children of Christian slaves might be sold.

1670: Carolina man describes his slaves as consisting of 1 black and 4 white.

1670: Carolina, West Indies, London, Captain Brayne ships timber from Carolina to West Indies, ships sugar from West Indies to England, sells the sugar and fills his ship with 250 white slaves to be sold in Carolina.

1670?: Virginia. The assembly passed a law suppressing unlawful meetings and warned the slave masters against permitting the servants to depart from their houses on Sundays.

1671: Virginia. A master disputed a bet concerning a “servant girl” and won a high court ruling of 1,000 pounds.

1671: April 10, New Plymouth. Metacomet was made to sign a letter of submission in which he promises to pay reparations to the English for attempting to arm his men out of “the naughtiness of my heart.”

1671: Thomas Betts and Robert Fallan, first white men to reach the Blue Ridge Mountains, discover English letters and Christian symbols carved into trees.

1672: New England. Land speculation [cheating Indians out of their land, as in buying one Indian’s land from another Indian who didn’t own it] reaches what one historian describes as “relentless proportions.” The easy theft of the Indian land and the government support encouraged outward immigration to unsettled areas where newcomers were likely to become great land owners.

1672: A law recognized that slave masters were impregnating female slaves so they could extend their term of servitude. The “obscene” children of these rapes were bound over to the mother’s slave master for thirty-one years of servitude. In other words, raping a female servant and impregnating her netted the slave master, by law, seven more years of her service and thirty-one years of ownership over the child.

1672: Virginia. The “greatest concern” of the Planters was that bands of mixed black, white and Indian escaped servants living in rural hideouts would offer safe havens for escaped blacks [who were bought at a higher price than whites and Indians].

1672: London. Governor Berkeley of Virginia tells the Privy Council that free Virginians live in abject poverty. These freemen were also so few that 100 were not found free of debt and able to man an expedition to North Carolina.

1673: Gabriel Arthur reports news of English renegades living in the interior with Indians, called “vagabonds” and “rogues,” both terms used to describe English criminals and white slaves.

1674: South Carolina, Locke Island, Lord Shaftsbury sponsors the hereditary enslavement of white men under the term “leet men,” based on Locke’s thesis.

1674: Virginia. A court rules that a freeman that did not own slaves could not enter into a binding wager with a planter.

1674?: Eleanor Bradbury sold her three sons to a Maryland plantation owner. Her husband was sold to a Pennsylvania plantation.

1674: Autumn, New England. Indian traitor, John Sausaman, was slain by three Indians.

1674: September 10, New England. Inhabitants of various towns reported the hearing of a great explosion in the sky which was later taken as an omen of war.

1675: June, New England. Three Indians are executed by the English for the murder of an Indian traitor.

1675: June 24, New England. The first English death in Metacomet’s Uprising against the Puritan theocracy.

1675: June 26, New England. Major English military operations against the Indian rebels commence with the expedition to Mount Hope, Metacomet’s home town.

1675: August 24, New England. Neutral Indians are disarmed by the English.

1675: September 17, Boston, New England. A Holy Council is held in which the English patriarchs accuse their people of having offended the Lord and having brought down the fury of the heathens upon them.

1675: October 7, New England. Official day of humiliation as stipulated by the Council at Boston in September.

1675: December 8, Boston, New England. A traitor Indian chief by the name of Peter offers to guide the English Army.

1675: December 18, Connecticut, New England. An army of English and allied Indians converge on the rebel Indians.

1675: Dutch Jews dominate the slave trade.

1676: March 26, New England. The town of Malbery is burned by an Indian force.

1676: April 20, Boston, New England. A Day of Humiliation was observed.

1676: Virginia: Nathanial Bacon slaughters a village of Indians who had been working as slave-catchers for Governor Berkeley and the rich Planters and had scalped numerous whites.

1676: April through May, New England. “…the Sword of the Lord hath been drawn against this land, in respect of capital epidemical Diseases, which sin hath brought upon us…” Despite massive superiority in weapons and manpower, Increase Mather assures the reader that the Indian uprising would have succeeded in driving the English back into Boston if not for the measles, small pox and influenza outbreaks. This is the definitive turning point of the war.

1676: Virginia. Rebel leader, Bacon is captured but released after a stay in a Jamestown jail.

1676: June, New England. The Mohawk Indians, notorious cannibal warriors and staunch allies of the English, attacked the rebel Indian settlements, and “smote their women and Children with a great Slaughter…”

1676: June 15, New England. A cloud in the form of an Indian Bow appeared over Plymouth and was taken as a sign of God’s favor.

1676: June 30, New England. The female chief of Saksonet died while being pursued by the English army. She drowned and was beheaded when her body was found.

1676: July 25, New England. The “bloody barbarian” chief, Pomham, fought “like a dying Beast.” The remaining acts of war were simply a hunt for Metacomet and his few surviving companions.

1676: August 12, New England. Metacomet is slain by an Indian allied with the English.

1676: September, New England. Increase Mather writes a Brief History of the Warr with the Indians in New-England.

1676: Virginia. Thirty year old Indian killer, Nathaniel Bacon leads a revolt against the Governor and House of Burgesses and burns down Jamestown after defeating a mixed force of Planters, loyal black slaves, free blacks and English pirates. Bacon dies of illness on October 26. This rebellion pitted a handful of small landowners, rebellious white servants, rebellious black slaves and white runaways against the majority of the landowners, their Indian allies, free blacks, pirates and British soldiers and sailors.

1676: October 26, Virginia. Bacon dies of illness. This rebellion pitted a handful of small landowners, rebellious white servants, rebellious black slaves and white runaways against the majority of the landowners, their Indian allies, free blacks, pirates and British soldiers and sailors.

1676: November-December, Virginia, Pirate Thomas Grantham sails his ship the Concord to Wet Point on the York River and convinced rebel Leader Joseph Ingram, in command of 100 black runaways and 150 English runaways, to cease fire, that they were pardoned by the governor, and offered them free passage across the river. Upon agreeing and in their boots, the old pirate threatened to blow the rebels out of the water and they were all recaptured, to be resold or executed.

1677: January, Virginia. The last of Bacon’s men are killed, captured and executed by Indians, cavaliers [landowners], and British soldiers.

1677: Carolina, Albermarle Sound. Culpeper’s Rebellion, in which white and black escaped slaves, Indians and poor free whites staged a rebellion, was put down. “Servants slaves & debtors” allied because debtors could be sold into slavery.