Before World War II, long before the Dark Age of political correctness and the rule of the elites, historians often advanced the Arуan hypothesis, that White European tribes, of a warlike barbarian nature, swept into areas such as China and India and conquered the lands, or at least joined the ruling elites: . Such a view became heretical after the end of World War II.

However, evidence has continued to mount, of White, often red-haired Nordic Europeans in China, now preserved as mummies: , and now India: .

The Arуan hypothesis holds that Indo-European people streamed into India around 2,000 BC to 1,500 BC after the Indus Valley civilization came to an end. They brought with them, their swords and battle axes, but also Sanskrit and religious practices. As well, they brought their genes. Here is a summary of the genetic research which has offered new support to the Arуan hypothesis:

“Until recently, only data on mtDNA (or matrilineal DNA, transmitted only from mother to daughter) were available and that seemed to suggest there was little external infusion into the Indian gene pool over the last 12,500 years or so. New Y-DNA data has turned that conclusion upside down, with strong evidence of external infusion of genes into the Indian male lineage during the period in question.

The reason for the difference in mtDNA and Y-DNA data is obvious in hindsight: there was strong sex bias in Bronze Age migrations. In other words, those who migrated were predominantly male and, therefore, those gene flows do not really show up in the mtDNA data. On the other hand, they do show up in the Y-DNA data: specifically, about 17.5% of Indian male lineage has been found to belong to haplogroup R1a (haplogroups identify a single line of descent), which is today spread across Central Asia, Europe and South Asia. Pontic-Caspian Steppe is seen as the region from where R1a spread both west and east, splitting into different sub-branches along the way.

The paper that put all of the recent discoveries together into a tight and coherent history of migrations into India was published just three months ago in a peer-reviewed journal called ‘BMC Evolutionary Biology’. In that paper, titled “A Genetic Chronology for the Indian Subcontinent Points to Heavily Sex-biased Dispersals”, 16 scientists led by Prof. Martin P. Richards of the University of Huddersfield, U.K., concluded: “Genetic influx from Central Asia in the Bronze Age was strongly male-driven, consistent with the patriarchal, patrilocal and patrilineal social structure attributed to the inferred pastoralist early Indo-European society. This was part of a much wider process of Indo-European expansion, with an ultimate source in the Pontic-Caspian region, which carried closely related Y-chromosome lineages… across a vast swathe of Eurasia between 5,000 and 3,500 years ago.”

In an email exchange, Prof. Richards said the prevalence of R1a in India was “very powerful evidence for a substantial Bronze Age migration from central Asia that most likely brought Indo-European speakers to India.”

The scientific paper’s reference is: M. Silva (et al.), “A Genetic Chronology for the Indian Subcontinent Points to Heavily Sex-Biased Dispersals,” BMC Evolutionary Biology, (2017) 17: 88; doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0936-9:

for the DNA fans among us.

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